Bringing them through the Winter. Preparing for your livestock

The days are shortening, harvest and autumn sowing is mostly done, so now is the time to turn your attention to the winter and your stock. You must ask yourself how you intend to help them come through it, says Charlie Maclaren, board member of The National Beef Association (NBA).

Here he gives a few simple tasks to ensure that productivity is sustained and costs are closely monitored.

First of all, analyse all your home grown bulk forage for feed value, and work out how many tonnes you have. Do the same with any home grown cereals you may have, and also your straw. I have provided a table at the end to help you do this.

You will have an accurate figure for the number of beasts to feed but do you have their weights? If you don’t know what size they are how can you feed them correctly?

Next you must decide what live weight gain you want. Divide this by the number of days housed or the number of days you will feed them for. To convert this amount into a daily diet you may need some nutritional help. When you are working out what the daily diet should be for the period, remembering that as they grow they will eat more.

You may need to buy in other products to complete the diet, but now you know how much you need, and when, so you can go to the market place and do your deal with your feed supplier.

If you have had niggling problems at calving or with performance it would be worth doing a mineral profile of your forage, and/or a complete diet check to rule out any antagonists interfering with the animal’s health and performance.

Armed now with all this information you are now in a better place to utilise the full potential of your cattle and of what you have grown.  By the use of your weigh scales you can check on the efficiency of the diet and will be able to tweak the diet to improve their daily live weight gain [DLWG], if necessary.

Remember if you can’t measure it you can’t monitor it.

There is probably one other thing I should touch on and this is Mycotoxins. This seems to be the new buzz word that everyone and his dog seems to be talking about. How and why have they just suddenly appeared and what are they? For those of you who have not been affected by them, what do they do? How do you know if you have them and why should you be concerned?

Mycotoxins have been around for years but were only really first identified as little as ten years ago. They affect grass, and are more likely to be found on second cut silage and straw.

Mycotoxin is the name given to the waste product from moulds, found on plants but not visible to the naked eye. They are not a living organism.

There are many different types but the two most common are Deoxynivalenol (don) and Zearalenone (zon) and these affect your stock in different ways.

In dairy cows the signs are easier to spot, with a sudden drop in milk being the most obvious, or cows not achieving their expected milk yield. Most commonly these symptoms effect newly calved cows, more aggressively resulting in very loose dung and a rapid loss in weight. These same symptoms will affect beef cows, mainly causing a mixture of calving problems, including still born calves, and a whole variety of other problems all connected with the animal’s immune system.

Because a suckler cow is fed a more forage-based diet it leaves it more susceptible to the effects. Because these are normally wintered as dry cows it is even harder to spot.

Mycotoxins are a topic on their own, so if you are interested in finding out more about dealing with them read next month’s article, which will be solely about this issue.

In conclusion the best way to limit the effect of increased costs and poor production is to be in front of the game and be prepared. It is all about “Attention to Detail”, and the use of weigh scales lets you monitor performance. This in turn keeps you on track to achieve your targets cost effectively.

Forage Stocks Calculator

GRASS SILAGE

Dry matter                                          Depth of clamp (in meters)

%                            1                              2                              3                              4

                                Dm         Fw          Dm         Fw          Dm         Fw          Dm         Fw

16                           103         647         139         867         159         996         174         1088

20                           120         601         156         778         176         881         191         954

24                           134         558         169         705         190         791         205         852

26                           140         538         175         674         196         754         211         810

28                           146         520         181         646         202         720         216         772

30                           151         503         186         620         207         689         221         738

32                           156         486         191         597         212         661         226         707

34                           160         471         195         575         216         636         231         679

36                           164         457         200         555         220         612         235         653

 

All of the measurements are for Kg per cubic Metre

Wholecrop  (fermented) - Calculate on 600kgs per cubic metre freshweight.

MAIZE SILAGE

Dry matter                                          Depth of clamp (in meters)

%            0.5                          1                              1.5                          2                              2.5                         

                Dm         Fw          Dm         Fw          Dm         Fw          Dm         Fw          Dm         Fw

25           155         620         173         690         183         730         193         770         200         800

30           177         590         192         640         204         680         216         720         225         750

35           182         520         203         580         217         620         231         660         245         700

 

-       ENDS -